March 26, 2019

2 American Corporate Scams that Finance Students Should Know of

With the capitalist ideology always backing it up, the American corporate world has achieved heights that no other nation could even dream of. Name any business or non-business sector, and by one way or another, you would find an American connection leading it. But the very thing that makes capitalism the most favored ideology for the business the world, which is competitiveness, sometimes also becomes the reason behind its downfall. According to experts at homework assignment help services, top executives and decision-makers sometimes plunder with numbers in such a way that it doesn’t end up good for anyone.

This is either out of a wrong sense of competition or to meet their personal interests. But whatever the reason is, it feels like corporates still haven’t learned their lesson and continue to repeat the same mistakes. That’s why it becomes important to keep the mistakes of the past, along with the consequences, always in perspective to ensure that history doesn't repeat itself. So let us have a look at top 2 American corporate frauds that pushed many to become the next version of themselves; for better or worse. These cases can also be taken as an interesting topic of finance assignment.

Enron

Enron’s is by far the biggest American corporate scandal. Founded in 1985, in Houston, Texas, the company was America's one of the biggest energy company. The guys at the helm of the company were many times hailed as America’s best and smartest. Enron’s impact on the nation’s economy and business was such that it soon started to gain political favors. Judging the companies pace, investors took an immense liking, and the company soon went public. But things went from 100 to 0 in no time when its executives took to "Book cooking” to inflate its revenue numbers and to hide the financial mishappening that the company had suffered because of multiple loss-making deals. Investors and shareholders soon filed a $40 billion lawsuit against the company and its management, which finally resulted in Enron’s bankruptcy in December of 2001. Many of the executives were also ordered to do time for their willing involvement in this corporate fraud. Enron’s case study could give hundreds of finance assignment topics.

WorldCom

The WorldCom scandal has a special place in history for two reasons. First, according to experts at homework assignment help services, it holds the record of the biggest American corporate fraud. A record previously held by Enron. And second, the fraud made the country’s Congress pass the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which has multiple provisions to protect the interest of shareholders against corporate activities that seek to commit financial frauds for showcasing false profits. WorldCom was all set to become America's telecom leader when the dotcom bubble finally burst, sending the company to backfoot. Executives took the aid of their accounting skills and showed expenses as investments to make their losses look like billions of dollar in profits.

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March 07, 2019

3 Nobel Prize Winning Economics Theories

Given the scope of the subject, your choice of a topic for your economics assignment can’t ever be exciting enough to impress your economics professor. That’s why days and nights become dull for many grads as soon they are loaded with this task of "Topic Hunting” by professors. But we hear you! And that’s why we have brought you a list 3 Nobel prize winning economic theories that you could choose to work on for your next assignment. And if you face any kind of difficulty while pursuing the themes of such advanced topics, you can get in touch with any efficient economics assignment help services.

1. Management of Common Pool Resources

An American political scientist, Elinor Ostrom became the first woman to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for her work with the abovementioned theory.

Ostrom’s theory was in acute contradiction to "Tragedy of the Commons”, given by Garrett Hardin's in 1968. Through this theory of hers, Ostrom attempts to explore why a well-planned social sharing of natural resources doesn’t always lead to a disastrous end. The central theme of her work is to debunk the "The Tragedy…..” by giving examples of many communities around the world that flourished only after sharing the available resources with each other.

2. Asymmetric Information

Also known as Information failure, Asymmetric information studies and explains the effects of transactions in which one party has more, or better, information than the other.
  • Three American economists won the "Nobel Prize in Economics Sciences” in 2001, for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information. They were:
  • George A. Akerlof, professor at Georgetown University and University of California
  • Andrew Michael Spence, famous for "Job-market signaling model”
  • Joseph E. Stiglitz, Professor at Columbia University and a public policy analyst
Asymmetric information theory explains why big and monumental decisions, in which two or more parties are involved, fail because of the informational gap or asymmetric distribution of knowledge among parties. Other than financial markets and institutions, the theory also covers big war decisions taken by either governments or army generals. Fields to which Asymmetric information model is applied to include:
  • Finance
  • Insurance
  • Health
  • Architecture
  • Legals
The theory promotes corporate transparency and the importance of subjugation of informational monopoly. It could prove to be an interesting topic for an economic assignment given its scope

3. Behavioral Economics

Daniel Kahneman, Israeli-American psychologist and economist, received the 2002 "Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences” for his works that connect economics and human psychology. Contrary to the "Expected utility maximization” theory, Kahneman aims to explain why people do not always act out of rational self-interest.

With their work, Daniel and Amos Tversky point out the reasons responsible for making people take irrational decisions when undergoing through big and small transactions. One such reason, as the theory explains, is that people or parties think of them in complete control of the situation, termed as the "Anchor effect”. In the very field of Behavioral economics, Kahneman includes the "Prospect Theory”. According to this theory, when in uncertain situations, people tend to decide based on perceived profits rather than the looses. According to many professionals at economics assignment help services, behavioral economics makes up for an interesting topic for both economic and psychology assignment.

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